AWs are generated on piezoelectric materials through the use of resonant structures (interdigitated electrodes). When the AWs reach a volume of liquid placed in their paths, they refract into the liquid, transferring part of their energy to it, which results in agitation and surface vibration. For MHz frequencies, these vibrations at the surface of the liquid lead to drop ejection.
 
By coupling these into microstructure arrays, Nebu~Flow’s patented technology provides precise control over the aerosol droplet size in the clinically-useful range (i.e. smaller than 5µm), enhancing the efficiency of pulmonary drug delivery. Most importantly, the technology enables the nebulisation of complex low surface tension formulations and suspensions, meaning that a far greater range of drugs can be delivered via inhalation.